It is the strongest metal in all the non ferrous metals, having tensile strength ranges from 42008400 kgcm 2. Ironbased components are relatively abundant and are widely distributed throughout the world. Ferrous and non ferrous metals possess different properties. Heres a comprehensive list of ferrous metals and their. Ferrous material possess a special property that their characteristics can be altered by heat treatment processes or by addition of small quantity of alloying.
These metals do not possess any magnetic properties. Ferrous and non ferrous metals interview question and. What set ferrous and non ferrous metals apart is whether they contain iron or not. Carbon steel is a common ferrous metal that is widely recycled and reused.
Construction materials food and agriculture organization of the. Pig iron is produced in a blast furnace that is charged with an iron ore, coke, and limestone. Pig iron is the first or basic form in which iron is prepared as the metal from its ores. The metals, which contain iron as their main constituent, are called ferrous metals. Ferrous metals ferrous metals include all forms of iron and steel alloys. The unique wetting properties of metkleen 2140 enhances detergency and soil penetration. Ferrous metals ferrous metals contain iron, and are known for their strength.
For more specific information on metal and heattreating techniques, refer to tm 430106. Ferrous metals may contain small amounts of other elements such as carbon or nickel, that are added in a specific proportion to achieve the desired properties. Portions of tentative equilibrium diagrams are presented for a number of non ferrous alloys. The iron imparts magnetic properties to the material and also makes them prone to corrosion. Pure nonferrous metals like aluminium have properties that make them suitable for engineering applications and as a building material. Steel cast iron together, they constitute approximately 85% of the metal tonnage in the united states. A ferrous metal is any metal that is primarily composed of iron and has magnetic properties in it. The ore is first concentrated by froth flotation process and then roasted and smelted like other non ferrous metals. Asm handbook, volume 2 is a comprehensive guide to nonferrous metals and alloys. Metals that do not have any iron content are non ferrous metals. Nonferrous metals nonferrous metals do not contain iron. It is, therefore, impure and crude and requires subsequent processing to develop cast, wrought iron, and steel, which are the common ferrous metals used in construction and industries. Generally these are more costly than the ferrous metals. Ferrous alloys, notably steel but initially also cast and wrought iron, represent the most important family of metallic materials.
Ferrous metals as the name implies are those metals which contain iron as the major or primary component. In this article, we will talk about ferrous metals and their properties. Think steel, stainless steel, carbon steel, cast iron. The volume includes a comprehensive glossary of metallurgical and metalworking terms and definitions. Basic carbon steels are alloyed with other elements, such as chromium and nickel, to increase certain physical properties of the metal. When a metal contains iron, it is known as a ferrous metal. For over 35 years, we have continuously developed and produced an extensive range of zinc, tin, aluminium and alloy of nonferrous metals. Thanks to their magnetic properties, ferrous metals are also used in appliances and. Scrap metal, both ferrous and non ferrous, present in industrial wastes, slags, smelter biproducts, sludges, refinery sweepings, ashes, etc. The properties of ferrous metals may be changed by adding various alloying elements. Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the properties, working characteristics and uses of the following metals aluminium, aluminium alloys, copper. Ironbased materials account for by far the greatest proportion of manufactured metal items.
They include raw materials of iron ore and steel scrap and semifinished products such as hot rolled coil. Recycled metal requires only 5 per cent of the energy required to make new metal. The metals and non metals differ in their properties. The chemical and mechanical properties need to be combined to produce a metal to serve a specific purpose. Nonferrous metals are specified for structural applications requiring reduced weight, higher strength, nonmagnetic properties, higher melting points, or resistance to chemical and atmospheric corrosion. These elements were classified by lavoisier in to metals and non metals by studying their properties. Examples include but are not limited to aluminium, lead, brass, copper and. Non ferrous metals are those which do not contain significant quantity of iron or iron as base metal. Ferrous and nonferrous metals chemical composition and.
Examples of alloys are iron and carbon, forming steel, and the great variety of copper alloys, such as brass and bronze. Nonferrous metals nonferrous metals are metals that do not contain iron. Its application are numerous, but can be narrowed down to three of its classes. Metal classification all metals may be classified as ferrous or nonferrous. Safe on ferrous and non ferrous metals safe on plastic, glass, ceramics and linoleum removes tire. Wrought iron, cast iron, carbon steels, alloy steels, and tool steels are just a few examples. Alloy 20 ballspdf brass balls pdf copper balls pdf dimensional conversion chart pdf hastelloy c276 alloy balls. Ferrous metals composition, properties and uses of some common ferrous metals. A few examples include wrought iron, cast iron, carbon steels, alloy steels, and tool steels. Ferrous materials can be produced very economically. Pdf the paper presents the results of comparative tests of the fatigue properties. White metal with bluish tinge, capable of taking a high polish.
Ferrous metals contain iron whereas non ferrous metals do not. Metkleen 2140 is an excellent choice to remove the toughest oils, greases and. The main thing to know about metals is whether they are ferrous or non ferrous. A form of iron, steel is one of the ferrous metals that contain less carbon than cast iron, but considerably more than wrought iron. Od1643 us army correspondence course program 6 credit hours general the purpose of this subcourse is to introduce the student to the properties of metals, their characteristics, uses and identification codes. The final section covers testing, inspection, characterization, failure analysis, fractography, and metallography. State three reasons why ferrous alloys are used extensively.
It provides detailed information on compositions, properties, selection, and applications of major alloy groups, with particular emphasis on aluminum, titanium, copper, and magnesium. Properties such as high tensile strength, high fracture toughness, malleability and availability are just some of the many advantages associated with metals. Alloy metals such as duralumin which is composed of a combination of copper and manganese in a 4. Types of metal and their applications classification of.
Pdf characteristics of nonferrous metal alloys as determined by. Particular emphasis is placed on their commercial importance. Blending recycled metal with new metal allows considerable energy savings, as well as the efficient use of the extra heat available. Once we have made the distinction, we can look at their different properties. These properties great affect they type of coating system required. The mining, production, and distribution of ferrous metals is global. Metals and their properties physical and chemical all the things around us are made of 100 or so elements. These metals are present almost everywhere, be it the eiffel tower or the intricately carved metal gates. Impk industry of metal product and constructions d. The more indepth answer is that ferrous metals and non ferrous metals each have their own distinctive properties. Ferrous metals are ironbase alloys with small percentages of carbon and other elements added to achieve desirable properties. Chapter 1 introduction to types and identification of metal. Numerous photomicrographs have been used to illustrate typical structures. These metals possess low strength at high temperatures, generally suffer from hot shortnessfad and have more shrinkage than ferrous metals.
Steel properties and manufacture pdf file pdf file. The difference between ferrous and nonferrous metal. Most engineering applications require the enhanced properties. Ferrous metals based on iron, one of the oldest metals known to man ferrous metals of engineering importance are alloys of iron and carbon these alloys divide into two major groups. Very substantial stockpiles of these scrap metal wastes are available for processing in the various industrial areas. Compile your observations regarding metals and non metals in table 3. Nonferrous metals are used because of its properties such as higher conductivity e. Ferrous materials and non ferrous metals and alloys 17 1 very good casting characteristics. Metals are alloyed to enhance their properties, such as strength, hardness or corrosion resistance, and to create. For information on the print version of the metals handbook desk edition, 2nd edition, isbn 9780871706546, follow this link. Aluminium posted on 20th june 2018 3rd september 2019 by morecambemetals having previously focused on iron and copper as part of our ongoing series metals and their properties, we are now discussing aluminium properties and uses, and the reasons why this metal is so popular.
Ferrous metals are used in both architectural and industrial fabrication, such as skyscrapers, bridges, vehicles, and railroads. Non ferrous metals have been used since the beginning of civilization. Non ferrous metals nonferrous metals offer a wide variety of mechanical properties and material characteristics. An alloy is a metal parent metal combined with other substances alloying agents, resulting in superior properties such as. The physical properties of lead are compared with those of other metals and materials in tables 2. Ferrous metals composition, properties and uses of some. These are distinct from both precious and base metals. Ferrous materials, as their name suggests, are ironbased metals. Pure metal used as an alloy element for aluminum, lead, zinc, and other nonferrous alloys. Characteristics of nonferrous metal alloys as determined by lowcycle fatigue test under. The simple answer is that ferrous metals contain iron and non ferrous metals do not.